How to Deal With Cat Allergies

For a cat lover one of the worst things to happen is to develop an allergy to cats. Symptoms include sneezing, runny nose and a headache and range from merely annoying to life threatening. Unfortunately, the bad news is for severe cases, the best remedy is often to part with your feline friend. The good news is that for mild allergy cases there are methods of minimizing the discomforts so you can continue living with your cat companion.

Allergies can show up in several parts of the body. The most common indication of an allergy is with the nose irritation such as itching and sneezing. With eyes, it's redness, puffiness and itching. There can also be issues with the throat, skin and ears.

The most critical of the cat allergies involve the lungs. Symptoms include coughing and wheezing and even shortness of breath. Sometimes these are more intense while doing certain activities such as grooming your cat or changing the litter box. In cases where you can't be sure it's the cat instead of another allergen, then testing is recommended, because the allergy may not be directly caused by the cat at all. Instead you may be reacting to the particular brand of kitty litter or something else.

Despite what's commonly believed, the material causing the allergy is not simply the cat hair. Instead it's a protein that's in the dander and saliva. These are microscopic particles that become airborne, are inhaled and cause the allergic reaction.

Cat allergies are also caused by an allergen called sebum, which is a protein that the glands near the base of the tail secrete to help with the condition of the skin and coat. When it dries, the sebum flakes off. The tiny particles can cling to almost anything and remain in the area long after the cat has gone. The sebum flakes can even be transferred to other locations that don't have cats simply by tagging along on clothing.

While researchers have found some cats to be less allergic than others, there is not practical way to know which they are in advance. One important indicator, though, is hormone levels. An unaltered male cat is generally sheds the much more allergen as compared to a female cat. Once neutered, the male sheds much less.

Unfortunately, the allergens may not be present in high enough levels in kittens to trigger a reaction. So a person may buy a kitten because they didn't have any symptoms of the allergy only to have it appear much later as the as the cat ages. It's when the cats skin becomes less supple that the sebum is secreted in greater quantities when then leads to the problem.

One of the most effective treatments for cat allergies is desensitization shots. This gradually increases a persons tolerance to the allergen up to 10 times their normal level. As mentioned previously, having the cat spayed or neutered can be helpful by decreasing the allergens. Other ways to reduce the allergens in your house include using a special, extra thick, HEPA filter in your vacuum; switching to hardwood flooring instead of carpeting; keeping your cat out of your bed; and using an air filtration system.